Appendix 1 – Bibliography of medical journal articles of steroid-sparing medications for GCA

Clin Rheumatol. 2007 Aug;26(8):1353-5; Epub 2006 Aug 30; (Ref: 273.) - - - PMID: 16944071Treatment of refractory temporal arteritis with adalimumab. Ahmed MM, Mubashir E, Hayat S, Fowler M, Berney SM. Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Arthritis and Rheumatology, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA.

Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Jul 30;56(8):2789-2797 (Ref: 341.) - - - PMID: 17665429

Adjunctive methotrexate for treatment of giant cell arteritis: An individual patient data meta-analysis. Mahr AD, Jover JA, Spiera RF, Hernández-García C, Fern B, Lavalley MP, Merkel PA. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Ann Rheum Dis. 2007 Jun 21; (Ref: 334.) - - - PMID: 17584806

Imatinib mesylate inhibits in vitro and ex vivo biologic responses related to vascular occlusion in giant-cell arteritis. Lozano E, Segarra M, García-Martínez A, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Cid MC. Vasculitis Research Unit. Internal Medicine. Hospital Cl&iacutenic. University of Barcelona. IDIBAPS, Spain.

Ann Intern Med. 2007 May 1;146(9):621-30. (Ref: 322.) - - - PMID: 17470830

Infliximab for maintenance of glucocorticosteroid-induced remission of giant cell arteritis: a randomized trial. Hoffman GS, Cid MC, Rendt-Zagar KE, Merkel PA, Weyand CM, Stone JH, Salvarani C, Xu Visvanathan S, Rahman MU; Infliximab-GCA Study Group. Center for Vasculitis Care and Research, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.

Intern Med J. 2007 Apr;37(4):280-1. (Ref: 307.) - - - PMID: 17388875

Amaurosis in patients with giant cell arteritis: treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha;. Torrente SV, Guerri RC, Perez-Garcia C, Benito P, Carbonell J Rhenmatology Service Hospital del Mar - IMAS, Barcelona, Spain. (Describes successful use of Infliximab followed by Etanercept in one patient)

Postgrad Med J. 2007 Apr;83(978):251-60 (Ref: 309.) - - - PMID: 17403952

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) and biologic therapy: a medical revolution. Kuek A, Hazleman BL, Ostor AJ. Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.

Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Oct;54(10):3071-4 (Ref: 332.) - - - PMID: 17009224

Therapy for giant cell arteritis: can we do better? Spiera RF, Spiera H.

Clin Rheumatol. (0770-3198) 2006 Aug 30; (Ref: 273.) - - - PMID: 16944071

Treatment of refractory temporal arteritis with adalimumab. Ahmed MM, Mubashir E, Hayat S, Fowler M, Berney SM. Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Arthritis and Rheumatology, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA,

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2005;64:1099-1100 (Ref: 291.) - - - PMID: 15958774

Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab) as an adjunct in the treatment of giant cell arteritis A Bhatia1, P J Ell2 and J C W Edwards1 1 Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals, Arthur Stanley House, 40-50 Tottenham Street, London W1T 4NJ, UK 2 Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Hospitals, Middlesex Hospital, Mortimer Street, London W1T 3AA, UK

Clin Rheumatol. 2005 May 18. (Ref: 232.) - - - PMID: 15902519

Infliximab as monotherapy in giant cell arteritis. Uthman I, Kanj N, Atweh S. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, American University of Beirut, 113-6044, Hamra, Beirut, 1103 2090, Lebanon.

Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Apr;19(2):277-92 (Ref: 233.)??PMID: 15857796

Are steroids alone sufficient for the treatment of giant cell arteritis?

Pipitone N, Boiardi L, Salvarani C.

South Med J. 2005 Feb;98(2):192-204. (Ref: 223.) - - - PMID: 15759950

Role of biological agents in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Efthimiou P, Markenson JA.

Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Jul;50(7):2296-304 (Ref: 184.) - - - PMID: 15248230

Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in patients with difficult to treat Takayasu arteritis. Hoffman GS, Merkel PA, Brasington RD, Lenschow DJ, Liang P. Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.

Arthritis Res Ther. 2004;6 Suppl 2:S12-8. Epub 2004 Jun 21 (Ref: 185.) - - - PMID: 15228616

Does safety make a difference in selecting the right TNF antagonist? Fleischmann R, Yocum D.
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

J Rheumatol. 2004 Jul;31(7):1467 (Ref: 183.) - - - PMID: 15229983

Giant cell arteritis in a patient taking etanercept and methotrexate. Seton M.

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004

May;50(5 Suppl):S75-7. (Ref: 181.) - - - PMID: 15097933

Acute development of multiple keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas after treatment with infliximab. Esser AC, Abril A, Fayne S, Doyle JA.

Circulation. 2004 Apr 13;109(14):1718-23. (Ref: 168.) - - - PMID: 15037536

Infliximab improves endothelial dysfunction in systemic vasculitis: a model of vascular inflammation. Booth AD, Jayne DR, Kharbanda RK, McEniery CM, Mackenzie IS, Brown J, Wilkinson IB.

Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Apr;50(4):1332-7 (Ref: 234.) - - - PMID: 15077317

Low-dose aspirin and prevention of cranial ischemic complications in giant cell arteritis. Nesher G, Berkun Y, Mates M, Baras M, Rubinow A, Sonnenblick M.

Department of Internal Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Gastroenterology. 2004 Jan;126(1):19-31. (Ref: 204.) - - - PMID: 14699483

The safety profile of infliximab in patients with Crohn's disease: the Mayo clinic experience in 500 patients. Colombel JF, Loftus EV Jr, Tremaine WJ, Egan LJ, Harmsen WS, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Sandborn WJ. Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2004 Jan;6(1):45-53. (Ref: 148.) - - - PMID: 14664769

Giant Cell Arteritis. Hall JK, Balcer LJ. Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3 E. Gates Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. (Describes Aspirin as potential treatment)

Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2003 Nov-Dec;21(6 Suppl 32):S29-34 (Ref: 145.) - - - PMID: 14740425

The role of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in the treatment of giant cell arteritis. Nuenninghoff DM, Matteson EL.
Ann Rheum Dis. 2003 Nov;62(11):1116. (Ref: 131.) - - - PMID: 14583578Experience with infliximab (anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibody) as monotherapy for giant cell arteritis. Andonopoulos AP, Meimaris N, Daoussis D, Bounas A, Giannopoulos G.

N Engl J Med. 2003 Jul 10;349(2):160-9. (Ref: 236.) - - - PMID: 12853590

Medium- and large-vessel vasculitis. Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ.
Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, USA.

Ann Rheum Dis. 2003 Apr;62(4):373-4. (Ref: 172.) - - - PMID: 12634246

Successful treatment of resistant giant cell arteritis with etanercept.
Tan AL, Holdsworth J, Pease C, Emery P, McGonagle D.
Ophthalmologica. 2003 Jul-Aug;217(4):239-59. (Ref: 130.) - - - PMID: 12792130

Management of giant cell arteritis. Our 27-year clinical study: new light on old controversies. Hayreh SS, Zimmerman B. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1091, USA.

 Arthritis Rheum. 2002 May;46(5):1309-18. (Ref: 135.) - - - PMID: 12115238

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of adjuvant methotrexate treatment for giant cell arteritis. Hoffman GS, et al

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002 Mar;41(3):347-9. (Ref: 153.) - - - PMID: 11934977

Anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment with infliximab in a case of giant cell arteritis resistant to steroid and immunosuppressive drugs. Airo P, Antonioli CM, Vianelli M, Toniati P.

Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Feb;46(2):457-66. (Ref: 108.)

Therapeutic Effects of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Giant Cell Arteritis Cornelia M. Weyand, Markus Kaiser, Hongyu Yang, Brian Younge, and Jorg J. Goronzy
Arthritis Rheum 2001 Dec;44(12):2933-5 (Ref: 70.) PMID: 11762955Treatment of longstanding active giant cell arteritis with infliximab: report of four cases. Cantini F, Niccoli L, Salvarani C, Padula A, Olivieri I. Ospedale di Prato, Italy.

Br J Ophthalmol 2001 Sep;85(9):1061-4 (Ref: 51.) - - - PMID: 11520757

Steroid management in giant cell arteritis.? Chan CC, Paine M, O'Day J.

J Rheumatol 2000 (May);27:1484–91 (Ref: 49.) - - - PMID: 10852275

A Randomized, Multicenter, Controlled Trial Using Intravenous Pulses of Methylprednisolone in the Initial Treatment of Simple Forms of Giant Cell Arteritis: A One Year Followup Study of 164 Patients Pascal Chevalet et al

Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1995 Feb;21(1):59-71 (Ref: 42.)

Treatment of corticosteroid-resistant giant cell arteritis. Wilke WS, Hoffman GS.

Cleve Clin J Med 1989 May;56(3):253-257 (Ref: 44.)

Methotrexate for corticosteroid-resistant polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis.Krall PL, Mazanec DJ, Wilke WS.

Acta Med Scand. 1981;209(5):347-50 (Ref: 212.) - - - PMID: 7246270

An alternate-day corticosteroid regimen in maintenance therapy of giant cell arteritis.
Bengtsson BA, Malmvall BE.

Ann Intern Med 1975 May;82(5):613-618 (Ref: 35.) - - - PMID: 1137255

Daily and alternate-day corticosteroid regimens in treatment of giant cell arteritis: comparison in a prospective study.?Hunder GG, Sheps SG, Allen GL, Joyce JW.
[Note: Ref numbers in parentheses reflect James’ Index of medical journal articles]
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